A Psychologist's Role in Functional Neurological Disorder

What Is Functional Neurological Disorder (FND)?

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a condition that affects how the brain sends and receives signals to the body, resulting in neurological symptoms that are not caused by structural damage or disease. FND exists at the intersection of neurology and mental health, and symptoms can significantly impact a person’s daily functioning.

Common FND Symptoms

FND symptoms generally fall into two main categories:

1. Functional Motor Symptoms

These may include:

  • Limb weakness

  • Tremors

  • Abnormal gait or posture

  • Difficulty swallowing

2. Dissociative (Non-Epileptic) Episodes

These may include:

  • Sudden loss of awareness or responsiveness

  • Shaking or abnormal movements

  • Changes in posture or muscle tone

Treatment Approach for FND

An effective FND treatment plan often involves a multidisciplinary team, including:

  • Psychologists address emotional, cognitive, and behavioural factors

  • Physiotherapists support movement and mobility

  • Occupational Therapists help improve daily function and independence

  • Speech Pathologists assist with communication and swallowing

Together, this coordinated approach aims to reduce symptom impact and improve overall quality of life.

How Can Psychology Support FND?

While the exact causes of FND are still being understood, stress, trauma, and emotional distress are often contributing factors. Psychologists play a key role in helping individuals explore these links, reduce symptom-related distress, and build strategies to improve daily functioning.

Evidence-based approaches may include:

  • Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)

  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

  • Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR)

  • Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

Treatment is tailored to the individual's experience, with an emphasis on collaborative care.

How Psychological Therapy Can Support FND

Psychological therapy can play a valuable role in the treatment of Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). It focuses on understanding the mind-body connection, building emotional resilience, and developing practical tools to manage symptoms. Areas of support may include:

  • Education about FND and the brain–body connection

  • Identifying and understanding symptom patterns

  • Techniques to regulate the nervous system (e.g. mindfulness, grounding)

  • Coping strategies to manage stress and uncertainty

  • Addressing mood difficulties such as anxiety or depression

  • Developing more helpful thinking patterns and self-talk

  • Rebuilding confidence and daily functioning

  • Treating co-occurring psychological conditions

Ready for the Next Step?

Living with FND can feel confusing or isolating, but you don’t have to manage it alone. A collaborative, multidisciplinary approach can offer the most effective path forward. At Mind in Mind Psychology, our psychologists work with you - and where appropriate, your wider healthcare team - to create an individualised, evidence-based plan focused on restoring wellbeing and empowering recovery.

For further information regarding FND, please refer to the following websites:

1. https://fndhope.org

2. https://fndaustralia.com.au

Jennifer Menon